The five-minute daily habit has nothing to do with letters. Here is what the shape looks like without them.
Wordle made a specific shape popular: one puzzle a day, the same puzzle for everyone, a score you can post without spoiling it, and a hard stop when you are done. Millions of people liked that shape and never much cared about vocabulary.
If letters are the part you want to lose, the daily structure survives fine without them.
Anything with those four properties scratches the same itch. The subject matter is interchangeable.
Geography. Guess a country from its outline, or a location from a street view, with distance and direction as your feedback. Same guess-and-narrow loop as Wordle, no spelling.
Music. Identify a song from a one-second clip, then two, then four. The escalating-hint structure maps almost exactly onto Wordle's six rows.
Connections-style grouping. Sort sixteen items into four hidden categories. It uses words but tests category logic, not vocabulary, which is why plenty of people who dislike anagrams keep playing it.
Numbers. Reach a target using six given numbers and four operations. One puzzle a day, arithmetic instead of letters.
Physical judgment. This is where our own game sits. Halfsies gives everyone the same three objects and one cut each, and weighs your halves to the gram. You are not guessing a hidden answer. You are testing whether your eye can find the middle of a shape, and the scale tells you by how much you missed.
A daily game with one attempt gives you a small measurable event at a fixed time, with a natural end. That is the same reason people do a crossword with coffee. The subject is a detail.
Pick one whose failure mode you enjoy. If being wrong about a word annoys you, a word game will annoy you every day. If you like finding out your eye is off by four grams, pick something you can weigh.